Do positional changes of the inferior alveolar canal after sagittal split mandibular osteotomy affect neurosensory recovery?

The purpose of this study was to assess the pre- and postoperative position and dimensions of the inferior alveolar canal (IAC) following sagittal split osteotomy (SSO) and identify any association with postoperative neurosensory deficit (NSD) at 1 year. This retrospective cohort study enrolled consecutive patients who had SSO performed to correct skeletal malocclusion. The pre- and postoperative cone beam computed tomography data were superimposed to visualize differences in IAC position and dimensions. Subjective and objective neurosensory tests were used to determine NSD in the inferior alveolar nerve distribution. A total of 20 subjects were included. The preoperative distance from the lateral cortex of the IAC to the inner aspect of the lateral cortex of the mandible was significantly greater in sides with NSD when compared to sides without NSD (P = 0.01). A significantly greater reduction in the postoperative distance measurement was seen in sides with NSD when compared to sides without NSD (P = 0.01). The magnitude of mandibular movement was significantly increased in sides with NSD (P = 0.02). The preoperative location of the IAC, as well as certain changes in the mediolateral and vertical positions as a result of SSO, are risk factors for postoperative NSD.     

血糖变异性与重症脑出血患者神经功能恢复的相关性

目的 探讨血糖变异性对重症急性脑出血患者神经功能恢复的影响及血糖变异性在重症脑出血患者发病时间轴上的表现特点。方法 选取2018年1月1日-2019年7月1日收入河南科技大学第一附属医院重症外科的脑出血患者,根据患者入院30 d后改良Rankin(Modified Rankin scale,mRS)评分将患者分为神经功能恢复良好组(mRS≤2分),和神经功能恢复不良组(mRS>2分)(残疾/死亡),比较2组入院时高血糖、平均血糖、血糖标准差、入院24 h内血糖变异性(CV1)、入院1～3 d血糖变异性(CV2)、入院3～7 d血糖变异性(CV3)、入院7 d内血糖平均变异性(CV7)、最低血糖水平以及其他临床资料,应用多变量logistic回归分析确定入院30 d后神经功能恢复的独立预测因素。结果 单因素分析显示年龄、CV1、CV3、CV7、最低血糖水平、血糖标准差是影响重症脑出血患者神经功能恢复的相关因素(P<0.05); 多因素logistic逐步回归模型分析显示血糖标准差、CV1、CV3、CV7、最低血糖水平能独立预测重症脑出血患者神经功能的恢复情况; 神经功能恢复良好组和神经功能恢复不良组患者的血糖变异性在入院24 h内、入院1～3 d和入院3～7 d时间轴上的变化特点不同(F=5.000,P=0.029),进一步分析可以看出神经功能恢复不良组的血糖变异性平均幅度较神经功能恢复良好组高,但2组在时间轴上的变化趋势基本相同,均在急性期(入院1～3 d)呈线性上升趋势,之后趋于下降; 组内效应显示患者的血糖变异性在3个时间段上的变化具有显著差异(F=11.663,P<0.001)。结论 血糖标准差、CV1、CV3、CV7、最低血糖水平是影响重症脑出血患者神经功能恢复的独立危险因素; 在重症脑出血患者超急性期、急性期、亚急性期过程中血糖变异性的变化具有显著差异,临床工作中重症脑出血患者应在入院早期密切监测血糖,并积极干预,减小血糖波动范围,以期减少不良预后的发生。     

脑梗死患者血清miR-497,TNF-α表达水平变化及其临床意义

目的 探讨急性脑梗死(Acute cerebral infarction,ACI)患者血清微小RNA-497(MicroRNA-497,miR-497)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(Tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)的表达水平变化及其临床意义。方法 选取2016年1月-2019年11月本院收治的96例ACI患者,称ACI组,并选取本院同期98例体检健康者,称对照组; 采用实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR,qRT-PCR)法检测所有研究对象血清miR-497表达水平; 采用酶联免疫吸附法(Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测所有研究对象血清肿瘤坏死因子-α水平; 评估ACI患者神经功能缺损程度、计算脑梗死体积,比较不同神经功能缺损程度/脑梗死体积的ACI患者血清miR-497、TNF-α水平; Pearson法分析ACI患者血清miR-497、TNF-α水平与神经功能缺损程度评分(National institutes of health stroke scale,NIHSS)、脑梗死体积的关系; 采用受试者工作特征曲线(Receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)评价血清miR-497、TNF-α对ACI的诊断价值。结果 ACI组血清miR-497、TNF-α水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.05); ACI患者血清miR-497、TNF-α水平随神经功能缺损程度加重、脑梗死体积增加均呈递增趋势(P均<0.05); ACI患者血清miR-497、TNF-α水平与脑梗死体积、NIHSS评分均呈正相关(r=0.423,0.514,0.542,0.399,P均<0.05); 血清miR-497、TNF-α对ACI诊断的曲线下面积(Area under curve,AUC)为0.848、0.806,截断值分别为1.29、1.27,相应灵敏度分别为82.3%、81.3%,特异度分别为76.5%、77.6%; 两者联合诊断ACI的AUC为0.907,其灵敏度、特异度分别为81.3%、90.8%。结论 miR-497、TNF-α在ACI患者血清中表达均上调,且与神经功能缺损程度、脑梗死体积有关,均可能在ACI进展中起一定作用,两者联合可有效提高ACI的诊断效能,有助于诊断、评估ACI患者的病情。     

椎弓根螺钉三椎体内固定对脊椎爆裂性骨折患者椎体与神经功能状态的影响观察

目的:探讨椎弓根螺钉三椎体内固定对脊椎爆裂性骨折患者椎体与神经功能状态的影响.方法:选取2013年7月至2015年1月于本院进行治疗的58例脊椎爆裂性骨折患者为研究对象,对其进行回顾性研究,将其根据手术方式不同分为对照组(短节段椎弓根内固定组)29例和观察组(椎弓根螺钉三椎体内固定组)29例,然后将两组患者手术前与手术后不同时间的伤椎恢复指标与血清神经功能相关指标进行比较.结果:观察组手术后不同时间的伤椎恢复指标中的后凸Cobb角、椎体平移率、椎体高度丢失率与血清神经功能相关指标中的BDNF、NSE、NGF及S100B均显著好于同期的对照组指标,并且明显好于其治疗前,均有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:椎弓根螺钉三椎体内固定可更为有效地恢复脊椎爆裂性骨折患者椎体参数,并且更有助于神经功能状态的恢复.     

Calidad del sueño y déficit de memoria en el envejecimiento sano

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between sleep quality and memory in healthy ageing.MethodsThe study included 99 people older than 50 years (69 women and 30 men; mean age, 68.74 ± 7.18 years) with no associated diseases. Patients completed digital versions of the Word Learning and Visual Paired Associates tests and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire to assess the quality of sleep.ResultsPittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score was negatively correlated with Visual Paired Associates and Word Learning test performance. Performance in these 2 memory tests decreased in line with sleep quality. In addition, performance in Visual Paired Associates test was negatively correlated with subjective sleep quality, duration, and sleep disturbances. Performance on the Word Learning test was negatively correlated with subjective sleep quality and efficiency. Participants’ sex showed a weak effect on Visual Paired Associates performance and sleep latency.ConclusionsMedical professionals working with elderly patients should take into consideration the effect of poor sleep quality on memory. Cognitive impairment in these patients may be a manifestation of a neuroendocrine imbalance due to a disrupted circadian rhythm. More research is needed to prove this hypothesis.     

Chirurgie bariatrique : complications neurologiques

The number of bariatric surgery procedures is increasing. Neurological complications of such procedures are being more and more reported. They may result from mechanical, inflammatory mechanisms, but mainly from nutritional deficiencies. Vitamin B12, folate, thiamine, vitamin D and vitamin E are the most frequent deficiencies. At an early stage, immediate peripherical nerve injury, Wernicke encephalopathy, and polyradiculoneuropathy are the more frequent. Late complications include optic neuropathy, myelopathy, peripherical neuropathy, and myopathy.     

高渗盐水联合依达拉奉治疗外伤性脑水肿的疗效及对患者神经功能的影响

目的探讨高渗盐水联合依达拉奉治疗外伤性脑水肿的疗效及对患者神经功能的影响。方法选取我科收治的90例外伤性脑水肿患者为研究对象,随机分为2组各45例。常规治疗基础上,对照组给予高渗盐水治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合应用依达拉奉治疗。采用脑卒中神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)评定神经功能。比较2组治疗后脑水肿体积、神经功能、氧自由基指标水平及不良反应发生情况。结果与对照组相比,观察组治疗后3d、7d和14d时脑水肿体积显著缩小,治疗后7d、14dNIHSS评分显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。氧自由基指标方面,与对照组相比,观察组治疗后NO、LPO水平显著降低,SOD水平显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗过程中,2组均未出现严重不良反应。结论高渗盐水联合依达拉奉治疗外伤性脑水肿疗效可靠,能够显著缩小脑水肿体积,减轻神经功能损害,降低体内氧自由基水平,且不良反应少,临床上值得进一步研究。     

Psychological Outcome after Hemorrhagic Stroke is Related to Functional Status

BackgroundTo identify opportunities to improve morbidity after hemorrhagic stroke, it is imperative to understand factors that are related to psychological outcome.Design/MethodsWe prospectively identified patients with non-traumatic hemorrhagic stroke (intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage) between January 2015 and February 2021 who were alive 3-months after discharge and telephonically assessed 1) psychological outcome using the Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders anxiety, depression, emotional and behavioral dyscontrol, fatigue and sleep disturbance inventories and 2) functional outcome using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Barthel Index. We also identified discharge destination for all patients. We then evaluated the relationship between abnormal psychological outcomes (T-score >50) and discharge destination other than home, poor 3-month mRS score defined as 3-5 and poor 3-month Barthel Index defined as <100.Results73 patients were included; 41 (56%) had an abnormal psychological outcome on at least one inventory. There were 41 (56%) patients discharged to a destination other than home, 44 (63%) with poor mRS score and 28 (39%) with poor Barthel Index. Anxiety, depression, emotional and behavioral dyscontrol and sleep disturbance were all associated with a destination other than home, poor mRS score, and poor Barthel Index (all p<0.05). Fatigue was related to poor mRS score and poor Barthel Index (p=0.005 and p=0.006, respectively).ConclusionMultiple psychological outcomes 3-months after hemorrhagic stroke are related to functional status. Interventions to improve psychological outcome and reduce morbidity in patients with poor functional status should be explored by the interdisciplinary team.